June is recognized as the month of public awareness of such an eye disease as cataract.
The human eye is a perfect optical device, which has two lenses - the cornea and the lens. Lens - biconvex flexible lens, which is inside the eye and performs the functions of lighting light and focusing on the retina, and consists mainly of proteins and water, enveloped by capsule.
Катаракта − це процес руйнування білків, що спричиняє помутніння і ущільнення кришталика, що в свою чергу призводить до розмитості та нечіткості зору. This disease is inextricably linked to the aging of the body, Therefore, the main category of patients is the elderly who (90%). According to WHO, cataract suffers more than 70% population older than 72 years and about 20% in age 40-60 years. Cataract is considered not only as an ophthalmological problem, but also social.
Man, that has cataracts, sees the world as if through a fog. It becomes more difficult to read, drive a car, especially at night, observe the interlocutor's facial expression.
Cataract can also develop as a secondary disease - it is influenced by heredity, injuries and inflammation, general diseases or radiation exposure.
Cataract progresses gradually, therefore, timely and regular examinations by an ophthalmologist are very important.
It is important to have a general idea of cataract symptoms and risks, occurring due to lack of treatment.
What are the causes of cataracts?
The cause of cataracts is the gradual destruction of lens structures. The appearance of cataracts is provoked:
- Environmental factors. These factors refer to these factors: air pollution, Tobacco smoke, alcohol, Industrial chemicals, Pesticids, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation or x -rays;
- MEdical risk factors. Till development cataracts can cause uncontrolled diabetes, Transferred Operations on the eyes, the presence of other ophthalmic diseases (example, Uveitis or genetic retinal diseases);
- Some Genetic illness.
What are the symptoms of cataracts?
- Blind, A fuzzy picture, halo around items;
- погіршення нічного зору (It's hard to drive a car at night);
- increased sensitivity to light and glare: rays from the sun, lamps, car headlights seem too bright;
- image, doubles or triples;
- the image ceases to be bright and loses contrast;
- Diopters in glasses often change.
How is cataract treated??
Surgical removal of cataracts remains the only effective treatment for recovery and maintenance of vision.
Questions on cataract surgery are solved purely individually, with a thorough consideration of all factors: Indications, Contraindications, individual characteristics, the nature of human activity and activity.
The main indication for surgery is visual acuity, which no longer meets social needs, therefore, the operation will most likely improve vision.
Cataract removal operations are performed with 1949 with. Now, Thanks to modern technologies, the application (laser and ultrasonic), they are considered safe and effective.
Is it possible delay the development of cataracts?
- visit an ophthalmologist once every two years, if you 50 years and more;
- monitor general health and carbohydrate metabolism;
- give up smoking;
- establish a proper diet and diet;
- maintain physical activity;
- Wear sunglasses, To protect against ultraviolet radiation.